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IBM is trying to rekindle its romance with Token Ring users before the relationship hits divorce court.

Next month, the company is expected to announce a suite of IOOM and 128M bit/ sec Token Ring PC adapters, modules, switches and other products designed to woo users back into the Big Blue fold and let them build larger, faster Tiffany Notes cuff Ring enterprise backbones.

IBM hopes the new, faster Token Ring products will help stem the tide of users moving to Ethernet, Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet products while helping users decongest clogged Token Ring server arteries.

Other companies, such as Cisco Systems, Inc. and 3Com Corp., have been jumping into the token-ring fray with promises of creating technology to make Fast Token Ring a reality (see NW May 26, page 1 ) . But their plans are not for a pure Token Ring package such as IBM’s new products.

Other vendors, such as 3Com, Bay Networks, Inc. and Xylan Corp., have indicated they also would support IBM’s pure Token Ring initiative. Xylan may even have an integral role in IBM’s Token Ring rollout, sources said.

However it rolls out, many IBM users are lookingforward to the faster speeds. “In our environment, if it’s faster and we can use the same major interfaces and pipes to get [Token Ring] into the host, we’ll probably stay with it,” said Jerry Wetherington, systems coordinator for the Northeast Regional Data Center at the University of Florida in Gainesville, which has about 5,000 Token Tiffany Notes bangle users.

“One thing IBM has been good at is protecting our investments,” Wetherington said.

The new Token Ring products are expected to include blades for the 8260 Intelligent Hub and adapters for the 8274 Token Ring switch. New high-speed network interface card adapters also will be in the package. Other future products will probably include a Fast Token Ring Heart Band Bangle for the 37XX front-end processor and support for the technology in IBM’s mainframe-based Open Systems Adapter (OSA). OSA allows direct LAN connectivity to the mainframe.

The new products are going to be backward-compatible with today’s 4M bit/sec and 16M bit/sec Token Ring LANs, sources said. Some of the products should be available by year-end, sources said.

What is unclear is Tiffany Notes I Love You bangle IBM will announce support for the new IEEE 802.lq specification, which defines how users can run token-ring frames within Fast Ethernetframes.

One source speculated IBM may hedge its bets by supporting pure 128M bit/sec Token Ring environments and 100M bit/sec 802.lq nets as well. IBM did not comment on the rumored announcement.

In addition to the products, sources said IBM also will rehash an oft-overlooked existing technical capability called Token Ring piping — similar to Ethernet trunking- that lets users combine multiple Token Ring ports into one large, logical Token Ring pipe. IBM is expected to divulge its plans during a Network World-sponsored tokenring conference on Aug. 26 in Boston, led by Kevin Tolly, president of the Tolly Group testing firm, and also at an IEEE conference on Aug.27.

Some observers said Token Ring is far from being down for the count and is, in fact, expanding. “Token Ring installation is increasing,” said Frank Dzubek, president of the Communications Network Architects consultancy in Washington, D.C. “Not the number of new installations, but the number of seats in the installedbase, is increasing.”

On the other hand, faster token ring may be too little too late. “With 100M bit/sec Ethernet and Gigabit Tiffany Signature bangle around the corner, token ring is dead,” said Rich Dewey, manager of network services with the Niagara Mowhawk power plant in Syracuse, N.Y.

Dewey said the most cost-effective way to increase bandwidth is to leave the current token-ring setup and migrate to Ethernet. Token ring’s time has come and gone, he said.

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Cisco Systems, Inc. later this year will introduce secondgeneration token-ring switches that will attempt to overcome the performance and feature limitations of older token-ring products.

Cisco’s new 16-port Switched Access Unit (SAU) will switch 28byte frames at wire speed and feature hardware-based source route bridging (SRB), stackability and a high-speed uplink when it ships, according to sources familiar with the Tiffany Somerset™ Bangle products.

SAU and a 16-port SAU module for the Catalyst 5000 LAN switch line are expected to ship before year-end (NW March 3, page 6). Cisco declined to comment about SAU.

Some Cisco shops are in no hurry for the new products, though.

“We’ve been doing just fine right now with what we have,” said a network manager at an insurance firm in New England that uses Cisco’s Catalyst 1800 token-ring backbone switches. SAU is expected to link tokenring workgroups to the Catalyst 1800 and Catalsyt 5000 backbone switches.

“I wouldn’t mind having a lOOM bit/sec backbone inside the switch; that would be pretty sweet,” the user said. “But what we have is cutting it for us Toggle bracelet now.”

Cisco said lOOM bit/sec token ring would be available – via its InterSwitch Link (ISL) trunking protocol for Fast Ethernet when its second-generation token-ring switches ship.

Best of both worlds

With SAU, Cisco will try to combine the best of CPU- and Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)-based first-generation token-ring switches, sources said. CPU-based switches provide a lot of functionality but Tiffany Somerset™ cuff expensive and have low throughput. ASIC-based switches are inexpensive and have high throughput, but are low on functionality.

The performance of CPUbased SRB switches drops from 100,000 packet/sec to 15,000 packet/sec, Cisco found at one customer site, a source said. This user had planned to deploy 12 to 16 token rings linked by an FDDI backbone but had to scale that design back to four to six rings, sources said.

Also, Cisco’s own Catalyst 2600 switch — which is based on IBM’s 8272 switch – uses the central CPU for Routing Information Field (RIF) expansion. RIF is a field in the IEEE 802.5 header that is used by an SRB to determine which token-ring segments a packet must transmit.

The Catalyst 2600 also lacks a stack port and did not have a high-speed uplink for nearly a year after it shipped. It now features an ATM 155M bit/sec uplink.

Hence, the SAU will perform SRB RIF expansion in hardware to avoid the throughput degradation of CPU-based switching and will achieve the wire-speed forwarding of 28-byte frames, sources said. SAU will support wire-speed frame forwarding concurrently on all Tiffany Somerset™ heart ring, they said.

SAU also will be “low cost,” sources said, though they did not disclose any pricing information. Analysts said the switches should cost between $200 and $500 per port.

Similarly, the maximum number of SAUs in a stack and the type of high-speed uplink could not be learned by press time. Cisco and SAU codeveloper Olicom A/S initially planned ATM uplinks at first customer ship but that now seems unlikely, especially given Cisco’s plan to use ISL as a way to boost token-ring rates to 100M bit/sec (NW May 26, page 1).

So observers now expect Tiffany Somerset™ ring uplinks to be Fast Ethernet.

Fast Ethernet uplinks also would prepare Cisco’s tokenring customers for the eventual migration to switched Ethernet, sources said.

Cisco notes that token ring is not being deployed in new sites because of the low cost and ubiquity of switched Ethernet.

Cisco believes Ethernet will displace token ring over time with the majority of its customers, sources said.

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IBM’S PLAN TO bump up Token Ring networks to I28M bit/sec. is eliciting sighs of relief from many large shops that hope to protect heavy investments in the tried-and-true LAN technology.

Speeding up Token Ring would let users sit tight and avoid spending big on new equipment and training for a competing, higher-speed technology such as Ethernet. It would also buy them time to plot a more leisurely and inexpensive migration to higher network speeds.

Faster Token Ring will give the technology a Tiffany Notes Pendant-stone to Gigabit Token Ring, which IBM officials said it will begin offering as an add-on to its highend switches next year.

FAST AS FAST CAN BE

IBM next month will reveal plans to roll out new adapter cards that take Token Ring from I6M bit/sec. to I28M bit/sec. It will also announce special cards for switches and server enhancements that support higher-speed desktop-to-server connections. All are due by the middle of next year, according to sources briefed by IBM. Pricing hasn’t been set.

Of the Io large Token Ring shops interviewed by Computerworld, nine said the plan has merit and represents a longawaited sign from IBM of renewed interest in Token Ring. The users said they are hungry for more data to help them analyze the plan.

“We’ve been putting off moving to Fast Ethernet and have been using enhancements to squeeze the most out of our Token Ring network,” said John Arnold, director of information services at Edison Electric Institute, a Washington trade association for utilities. “We’re watching all developments with highspeed Token Ring, as we’re planning to make a decision in another year. We’re Tiffany Notes ring to get details on pricing and availability.”

Token Ring technology – a forgotten stepchild to Ethernet – could have a long and prosperous life, according to Dave Eisenlohr.

“Token Ring will have a place in corporate America as long as efforts are made to keep the technology current,” said Eisenlohr, vice president of data center operations at Pacific Exchange, Inc., a San Francisco stock exchange.

The company has a 700node Token Ring network that supports three trading floors. “If companies like IBM make an investment, there’ll be a strong market for the technology,” Eisenlohr said.

Some users are anxious to hear from independent experts about the benefits and disadvantages of IBM’s plan.

“We need people to clearly spell these out for users, as things are still in the very early stage,” said Rich Whittemore, project manager for communications and distributed systems at International Flavor and Fragrances, Inc. in Union Beach, N.J. “We’re interested in Tiffany Notes Round earrings that reduces latency in our networks, but we’re curious to see what IBM will be charging for these new adapter cards. If they’re more expensive than Fast Ethernet units, users will stay away from them.”

A LONG TIME COMING

One user was surprised that enhancements have been so long in the making.

“Token Ring is a robust technology that’s been so good for so long,” said Bill Botticello, a member of the technical staff at Chubb Life, an insurance company in Concord, N.H. “It’s really a shame that all this took so long.”

Chubb has 1,000 Tiffany Notes tag bracelet of Token Ring and plans to stay with it. Higher-speed Token Ring would enable the company to run fatter pipes to its servers, he said.

Faster Token Ring may not have come in time for some users.

“It looks like it’s a little too late, as the need for more bandwidth has been there a long time, and many users have turned to Ethernet,” said Schndra Elgin, a network planner at Household Finance Co. in Prospect Heights, Ill.

“We use Token Ring for access to our mainframes, but our branch office network has roughly 20,000 to to z5,ooo Ethernet Tiffany Red® heart lock charm and bracelet. IBM’s general direction is great, but by the time [fast Token Ring] is ready for prime time, many will have moved away from it.”

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Users expect industry analysts to be objective and openminded. But analysts also can choose to be myopic when it serves their purpose. Take, for example, the different perspectives on Madge Network’s July 24 announcement of layoffs and reorganization.

The week following the announcement, Tiffany Metropolis Cuff links Tolly offered a tongue-in-cheek analysis of the situation (NW Aug. 4, page 32). Tolly pointed out that the formation of four autonomous, geographically dispersed divisions focusing on separate customer segments token ring, Ethernet, videoconferencing and carriers-resembles the Madge of old. The token-ring division represents the original Madge, the Ethernet division represents LANNET and the videocon ferencing and carrier divisions are Teleos.

Ron Jeffries, in the July 25 edition of his “ATM USER” online newsletter, points out that the new Madge ATM story lacks precision and concludes, “Madge failed to climb the ATM mountain. But the ATM mountain remains.” Apparently, managers at Madge disagreed with Jeffries’ analysis because on Aug. 12, they issued a press release clarifying Madge’s ATM strategy and direction. At least one thing is clear: Madge reads what Jeffries writes.

In my opinion, the analysts raised valid points but failed to see the forest (as I see it) for the trees (they see) . The reorganization will allow the “traditional” Madge business to do what it does well: dominate the token-ring market with well-engineered products.

The profiteers of this situation will be the remnants of the former Teleos. Revenue from token-ring Tiffany Natural Rose Ring will fund continued research and product development in the video networking and carrier services divisions, the areas Madge believes have high growth potential.

Madge executives are banking on the worldwide expansion of video communications to fulfill businesses’ and carriers ‘ need fora new, better infrastructure. This is consistent with one of the two components of the Madge One vision: integrating voice, video and data on one network.

However, Madge is Tiffany Nature Dragonfly disc pendant downplaying the importance of the second component of MadgeOne: Madge’s role as the end-to-end solution provider. Indeed, Nigel Terry, general manager of Madge’s WAVE division – comprising the video networking and carrier services groups – tells me, “We are no longer suggesting that the total LAN/ WAN solution will come from Madge. However, we are sure that voice, video and data services will be consolidated on one network, on the LAN and WAN, and we will provide the components for this integration.”

Version 2 of the H.323 standard for real-time communications over packet-based networks is key to that consolidation. Madge is actively preparing for it with best-of-breed video and voice call control and video network gateway solutions.

I trust Madge will deliver superior products. However, I’m also confident that 3Com and Cisco will deliver more than Tiffany Nature butterfly pendant products complying with the H.323 standard. Make no mistake about it: Video networking is going to be big.

As for Madge’s division headquarters being geographically dispersed-something analysts might find awkward when trying to sell their services to the company-I have to ask, what’s wrong with that? Using its video, voice and data networking technologies, Madge’s managers will not only stayin contact with one another, but also with their customers and channel organizations.

It’s good to know what analysts think is important and if they believe a company will survive the next turn of events. But base your purchasing decisions on an assortment of other criteria, including service, support, value and Tiffany Nature Dragonfly pendant less tangible measures of the customer/supplier relationship that Madge has yet to address.

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Executives from across the industry gathered in Boston and, with prodding from Kevin Tolly and Network World, hammered out a plan to bring token ring into the future. IBM, Xylan, Cabletron, Cisco, 3Com, Bay, Madge, Proteon, Olicom and others agreed to back a standard for native, high-speed token ring that will allow users to upgrade their backbones-perhaps even desktop links in the future-without Tiffany Cushion Triple drop pendant token ring.

In the most competitive industry on the face of the earth, some 40 executives committed their companies to supporting this new IEEE 802.5 standard. They also agreed to form a High-Speed Token Ring Alliance to speed the standard’s development.

What was most fascinating to watch was the group’s two-hour effort to define a simple mission statement. The statement spells out the ven dors’ commitment to the standard and their resolve to deliver at least prototype products based on it in less than ayear.

The mission statement reads: “We resolve to pursue an 802.5 standard for dedicated, High-Speed Token Ring that scales from 1 OOM bit/sec to at least IG bit/sec. The standard will support the key attributes of today’s token ring and will be developed in time for multivendor demonstrations of High-Speed Token Ring technology at the NetWorld+Interop conference in spring 1998. The standard will support the 802. lq standard for multiple VLANs. The goal of this standards effort is to deliver the most cost-effective upgrade path for tokenring customers.”

Some critics Tiffany Cushion Two-row bracelet questioned the logic of this effort, given the availability of Fast/Gigabit Ethernet and ATM upgrades for overstressed token-ring nets. But surveys conducted by the vendors show that a significant chunk of customers-typically large corporate customerswant the option of upgrading with higher speed token ring.

The suppliers don’t harbor any illusions that Fast Token Ring will somehow swing the tides of battle vs. Ethernet. Ethernet has won the marketshare fight. But the token-ring industry needed a next-step solution for customers.

In the past few months, the token-ring industry has made remarkable progress in answering a key customer question: Is token ring still viable? If these companies follow through on their commitments to the proposed standard, the answer will be yes.

With The Tolly Group, Network World has pushed the vendor community to provide a future path for customers. We’ll keep pushing for more progress. But if you are a token-ring user, you need to stay on top of this, as well. Make sure your supplier does more than just voice support for High-Speed Token Ring. Make sure it delivers.

Who says? For starters, try 3Com, Bay, Cabletron, Cisco, IBM, Madge Networks, Olicom, Proteon and Xylan. They are the most well-known companies that have pledged support for an industry-standard High-Speed Token Ring initiative.

This occurred last week when The Tolly Group and Tiffany Cushion Drop earrings World held our second Token Ring Futures roundtable in Boston.

In the two months since our first roundtable, many of the vendors have conducted extensive customer surveys. These survey results showed that even as a technology “without a future” some 50% of their existing customers had no intention of migrating from token ring. When queried about the possibility of a futureproof High-Speed Token Ring, interest was high.

The various vendors, now recognizing a clear need, are putting into motion one of the most aggressive standards and technology development processes ever seen in our industry.

The result will be a future as bright for token-ring users as that for Ethernet users – Gigabit and beyond.

In a sort of manifesto agreed to by all in attendance (and printed elsewhere in this newspaper), the future was outlined as follows:

* Standards. Whatever emerges will be based on standards. Customers have made that clear to the various vendors, and the vendors have gotten the message. There will be no breakaway factions here. High-Speed Token Ring efforts will get under way immediately within the IEEE 802.5 token-ring committee.

Furthermore, to support customers whose needs include multitopology virtual LANs, the group agreed not to preclude the inclusion of 802.5 HighSpeed Token Ring stations in any future 802. lq VLAN Tiffany Cushion Hoop earrings. It is unclear whether 802.lq and associated IEEE committees will be able to clear up certain technical problems, such as support for token ring’s larger frame sizes, that currently, in effect, exclude token ring from participation in such environments.

* Speed. While the initial cut will be at a 100M bit/sec line rate standard, the real good news is that whatever the IEEE devises will be guaranteed to be scalable to one gigabit- or higher! Development of the gigabit standard will be done in parallel thus accelerating the process.

High-speed desktops. The initial focus of 100M bit/sec token ring will be dedicated connections for server and switch products. With the proper drivers, this same technology could be used for the desktop.

What’s next? Plenty. The IEEE 802.5 committee also coordinated its interim meeting in Boston last week. They Tiffany Cushion ring now in high gear. In addition, on Sept.15, the High-Speed Token Ring Alliance will form and hold its first meeting in Realtime Transport Protocol.

And, come NetWorld+Interop in Las Vegas in May 1998, you’ll see High-Speed Token Ring in action as the group promises technology demonstrations of 100M bit/sec token ring at that show.

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Indeed, prices for Gigabit Ethernet will keep falling. A Gigabit Ethernet switch still sells for about 50% more than its Fast Ethernet counterpart, but by mid- to late 2004, the gap will be around 25%, and that makes Gigabit Ethernet worth a hard look when businesses finish the depreciation cycle for older switching equipment and are looking to upgrade. In some cases, the cost of a switch with Gigabit Ethernet ports is only 10% to 20% higher than the cost of one with Fast Ethernet. But again, companies aren’t moving to Gigabit Ethernet for the speed, at least not on the desktop.

Customers are moving because cards are cheap, for Tiffany Blue® heart lock charm and bracelet. Sure, even ordinary desktop PC users in a business environment occasionally see spikes where they’re pumping 150 Mbps through the network, which is faster than Fast Ethernet can support. But even power users in the average company rarely exceed 250 Mbps. So while Gigabit Ethernet can boost performance for heavy-duty users, it isn’t going to speed up PDFs and PowerPoint presentations all that much.

Still, on the desktop, we’re already seeing dramatic drops in price. A 10/100/1000 internal adapter can run as low as $50. That’s a huge percentage premium over Fast Ethernet NICs, which can sell for less than $10. But it’s still only $50, and that’s almost a throwaway expense. Plus, more PC vendors have Gigabit Ethernet chips built onto the motherboard of the PCs they aim at companies. These PCs often cost less than $1,000. Meanwhile, the technology is becoming a staple on notebook computers, which are typically less price sensitive than the commodity desktop market. Business users in particular expect their notebooks to give them robust communications technology, and Gigabit Ethernet is part of that.

But remember Tiffany box lock pendant this switchover is just happening. It will accelerate greatly in the next year and then keep going, as Gigabit Ethernet prices continue to drop and the technology migrates into higher-volume price points of the desktop and notebook markets.

One thing to look for here: a slowdown in the turnover for networking technology. The shift from 10Base-T Ethernet to Fast Ethernet on the desktop took three to four years, and it will probably be three to four years for Gigabit Ethernet to displace Fast Ethernet. But analysts like the Yankee Group’s Kerravala say Gigabit Ethernet will remain the staple for desktop connectivity for five to eight years. In part, that’s because it might take that long to figure out how to get the next level of Ethernet technology, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, to run over copper. That shift also will have to answer a currently unanswerable question: Can computers cope with such speeds?

“What good is it to put a 10-Gbit spigot into your server if the absolute maximum it can consume is 1 gig?” Estrin asks. She notes that the basic PC input/ output system hasn’t really changed in decades. So today’s PCs can’t take full advantage of 1-Gbit speeds, though even 500 Mbits is a vast jump over Fast Tiffany Circle clasp necklace. Basic elements of the PC architecture likely must change before 10 Gbit reaches the desktop.

“Gigabit Ethernet is highly deployed in the backbone,” says Meta Group’s Kozup. Companies will use Gigabit Ethernet to create more-robust networks, Kozup says, and that in turn will spur the use of technologies that have little tolerance for latency (the gap between when a packet is sent and when it arrives at its destination). One such technology is voice over IP. But Kozup says safe failover, hot swapping, and other such high-availability services will become increasingly important, driving demand for bandwidth.

That will be particularly true Tiffany Cushion Toggle bracelet costs come down. The premium for Gigabit Ethernet over Fast Ethernet can be as little as 10% to 20% per port, though the chassis for the faster switches costs more. Those prices will continue to come down throughout 2004.

The other factor that must be figured into backbone switches is the addition of services. Services that are now integrated in switches, or soon will be, include voice over IP; firewalls, intrusion-detection systems, and other security features; distributed storage management; wireless overlays, including Wi-Fi and cellular integration; and better management.

There are already switches pumping 10-Gbit data through the backbone. There aren’t many of themDell’Oro Group estimates Tiffany Cushion Toggle necklace just 1,000 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports were shipped last year. But they’re needed at phone companies and large enterprises, particularly those with heavy-duty server loads and large storage area networks.

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As Network World turns 20 next month, the editors have asked columnists to opine about some technology flops of the era. A variety of possibilities came up, but token ring was offered up as a prime candidate.

Yes, it’s gone, but it was never a flop. In retrospect, today s Tiffany 1837™ ring resembles more closely the token-ring IEEE 802.5 standard than it does its own original IEEE 802.3 standard.

The official name of the Ethernet standard gets to the heart of it: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection, or CSMA/CD.The name describes how Ethernet works, or how it used to work.The multiple stations would listen to find out if another station was already transmitting. Hearing none, it would transmit. Another station could be doing the same thing, and the two transmissions could collide. When that happened, the stations could detect the collision, wait, and try again.

This approach works when you have a small number of stations, because collisions rarely occur in such cases and throughput is good. CSMA/CD is non-deterministic, which means the performance for any single station is essentially unpredictable. As more stations try to access the same Ethernet segment, there are more collisions, more retries, more collisions.

As CSMA/CD networks get busier, throughput degrades dramatically

CSMA/CD Ethernet Tiffany 1837™ Ring not scale. To improve performance, existing LANs had to be broken up into smaller ones. Not only did this require leaving unused ports in existing hubs, buying new hubs and potentially using then-expensive router ports to allow segments to communicate, but frequently reworking the wiring closet also triggered considerable downtime. The only way to deliver predictable, good performance was to have a single station on each LAN segment.

Token ring, by contrast, was designed to be a deterministic network. Performance remained good regardless of the number of stations or the activity on the network. Studies showed that token ring could be run to more than 95% of theoretical max-something CSMA/CD could not approach.

CSMA/CD was headed to the graveyard until engineers invented the first Ethernet switches in the mid-1990s. At once, this device provided Ethernet with one station per segment, which gave Ethernet users the deterministic behavior previously available only to token-ring users.Switching removed the segment-scaling issues and nullified the basic CSMA/CD architecture of Ethernet.

Still,Ethernet networks could not indicate priority although token ring’s architects had built in ways to mark frames. Ethernet architects adopted this feature when it painfully squeezed new fields into the Ethernet frame header to carry virtual LANs and the 802. Ip’s eight levels of prioritization.

Ethernet was still without a large-frame capability to stream large data transfers across the Tiffany 1837™ Round lock pendant. While today its official maximum size is 1,518 bytes, token ring circa 1988 allowed 16K-byte frames. The IEEE is catching up and taking on extended frames officially In crucial ways, today’s Ethernet is token ring “under the hood.”Set the time machine to October 1995 and jump in. Hardware vendors were pushing 100VG-AnyLAN and token ring. Nynex, US West, Bell Atlantic and Pacific Bell provided local phone service. Novell was proposing a “SuperNOS” to unify NetWare and Unix. Microsoft had just rolled out Windows 95, which featured its answer to Netscape, something called Internet Explorer 1.0. That new addition to Windows would prove helpful to a couple of start-ups called Amazon.com and eBay, which were trying to convince people it was safe to buy things online.

October 1995 Tiffany 1837™ Square tag key ring was when we launched Network World Fusion (now recast as NetworkWorld.com) – at NetWorld+Interop Atlanta (where Bay Networks had a booth). I used Windows (3.1) Notepad to assemble news stories for posting on the site (I FTP’d them by hand).

It’s amazing how far we’ve come. Gigabit Ethernet to the desktop, 10G backbones and fiber to the home are all realities now (and today’s inexpensive PCs can do a lot more than 1995′s expensive servers). At Network World, we now use a sophisticated content management system to serve up everything from breaking news to RSS feeds and video Web casts – from a server farm running not only proprietary Oracle databases but also a variety of open source applications.

Of course, it hasn’t been all wine and roses. How much money and time do you spend worrying about – and fighting off – everything from spyware to denial-of-service attacks? Oh, for the days when the big worry was all those “enormous” animated-GIF Christmas cards that Tiffany 1837™ tag pendant up the e-mail server.

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RSA has improved on the previous version of the offering, which required a lot of heavy-duty editing of config files and the like to get it up and running. The current system boasts a Web-based management app and a surprisingly straightforward installation routine, yet it still offers the granular control admins need for token management and server setup.

The securID architecture is pretty straightforward. The securID Appliance resides in the central office, maintaining an encrypted link to the remote servers running securID agents.

When a user attempts to access Tiffany 1837™ I.D. lanyard resource, such as a file or folder, on one of the servers, he or she is taken to the securID login interface. There, the user, armed with a token, must type in his or her personal PIN, followed by a string of numbers appearing on the token s LCD screen – a highly effective authentication method.

Setting up the securID Appliance is a step-by-step process. The only real obstacle is keeping the installation CDs straight; one of them is your license, and the other has the seeds for your securID tokens.

You must immediately label the Admin token, which you need to control the appliance. Take great pains not to lose it: It represents the beating heart of the securID Appliance. Without it, you’re dead in the water.Installation is fairly easy, but pay attention to system prerequisites. For one, the appliance and the servers running securID agent must be visible in a DNS. If the servers never get accessed by anyone outside of the company, you can use your internal DNS. Otherwise, make sure your public DNS servers know about the appliance and the servers running agents.

You’ll also Tiffany 1837™ interlocking circles bangle a Web server; we used Windows 2003 Enterprise Server with US enabled. Enabling US requires simply installing an agent, easily downloadable from the RSA Web site.

Notably, securID supports numerous platforms – more so than rival token-based systems – including AIX, e-Directory, Solaris, Windows, and more. Unfortunately, if you run Linux, you need an older version; Mac OS isn’t supported at all on the client side.

After the appliance is configured, admins can begin defining active tokens. The appliance merely picks the first token listed on your token-seeding CD, displays its characteristics on the management console, and allows you to match it to a user. A general PIN code can be selected at this time. The token will Tiffany 1837™ interlocking circles bangle when a user uses it for the first time and will prompt him or her to create an individual PIN.

Subsequently, admins can begin designating which resources will require securID authentication. You simply use the Web management utility to locate target files or folders, then right click. Underneath the resulting tab, you select ‘Protect this Resource with RSA SecurID’ and decide whether to apply the change recursively.

One downside to the Tiffany 1837™ Lock bracelet: You’ll eat up at least two IP addresses and DNS entries with just a base installation. That kind of appetite can cut things a mite close for many small offices.

Also, although you can manage the token authentication from a central site after setup, initial configuration will require visiting the site and spending a little quality time at the console.

Overall, we like the securID Appliance from a security standpoint, but it’s still a bit unwieldy when it Tiffany 1837™ lock ring to management across multiple SOBOs. Remote access needs to be better addressed in the Web client, and the strict reliance on the Admin token could become a real problem should it fall out of IT hands. Lastly, although it s certainly low-cost from a smart-token platform perspective, the price is still enough to give bean counters pause.

- Brian Chee and Oliver Rist

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THERE’S A fine line between commitment and focus on one hand, and obstinance and myopia on the other. Or perhaps there’s no line at all. Maybe they only differ when the context differs.

That’s the lesson I took from the 16th World Congress on Information Technology in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, where I moderated a couple of CIO panel discussions. Those discussions were phenomenal, as was the entire program of the three-day Tiffany 1837™ Bar key ring . But the lesson I took away didn’t come from the proceedings. It came from a discussion I had over breakfast one morning with Robert Madge.

Chances are that name rings a bell, if a very distant one. Madge founded Madge Networks, a highflying networking company in the late ’80s and better part of the ’90s that built its fortunes on the strength of the Token Ring networking protocol championed by IBM. In an interview I conducted with Madge in 1994, he predicted that his company would overtake IBM as the Token Ring market leader within three years. He was right.

The only problem was that Madge’s accomplishment was akin to overtaking Sony to become the Betamax market leader in 1985. Because of its high cost and complexity compared with Ethernet, Token Ring was on a downward slide and would never recover.

Madge left the company in 2001, and in 2003 Madge Networks filed for bankruptcy protection. It was subsequently restructured as Madge Inc., and in 2006 it was acquired by Network Technology in the U.K. and merged into that company’s Ringdale arm. Robert Madge went on to take an interest in RFID and other tracking technologies, and he now serves as president of IDtrack in Barcelona.

Over breakfast Tiffany 1837™ bookmark morning, Madge recounted a fascinating tale of the rise and fall of his namesake company. Its rise came on the strength of a singular focus on Token Ring technology, and a commitment to principle that was epitomized by his refusal to pay patent royalties to Olof Soderblom, the IBM scientist who pioneered Token Ring. Madge insisted that Soderblom’s patent didn’t cover what his company and others, including IBM and NCR, were doing with Token Ring.

It was a costly battle, and Madge’s U.S. sales dried up for nine months. But he eventually prevailed in court, and, according to Madge, the other companies were able to stop paying the royalties.

“That gave us huge credibility in the business afterwards,” Madge said. “We were the moral leader in the sector, which had an impact Tiffany 1837™ Charm bracelet all aspects of our business.”

Yet it was that same determination to stick to his guns that led to his failure to prevent his company’s collapse.

“If you step back Tiffany 1837™ circle clasp bracelet look at it,” Madge said, “a logical move for a company whose technology is going into decline but has a customer base, and hasn’t been able to find a way to evolve the company, would be to merge with or be sold to another company. In hindsight, it would have been the logical course.”

But despite the urging of some members of his management team, it was a course that Madge never pursued.

“To me, the company was very personal,” Madge said. “I put my name on it, and I came from a culture where companies were for life. So I’m sure that emotionally, I wasn’t in a good position to consider objectively whether it should be sold or not.”

The lesson was clear.

“People’s weaknesses and strengths are normally the same things. It all depends on the context whether they turn out to be strengths or weaknesses,” Madge said. “The reason why I didn’t see the writing on the wall when the best thing to do was to sell the company is probably the same Tiffany 1837™ concave ring why I built the company in the first place.”

There’s more to the story, which is told in the Q&A I’ve posted in my blog. My assessment is that the story is far more one of strength than one of weakness, if for no other reason than that it took remarkable strength to tell it.

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LAS VEGAS – IBM, creator of the Token Ring LAN, is in the midst of ripping out that infrastructure and replacing it with Ethernet, not just for speed and manageability, but also because it can support IP telephony.

That’s key, because IBM has made the decision to go with IP Tiffany 1837 Circle bracelet embarking on one of the world’s largest and most complex voice-over-IP (VoIP) projects.

“I don’t think we’ve ever seen a commercial account to which we’ve proposed VolP that has had the breadth and complexity of what we are chasing,” says Yves Lozach, IBM’s director of global sales support, networking services.

IBM uses hundreds of Siemens PBXs in its facilities in the U.S., Europe and Asia, and has more than 200,000 handsets in the U.S.

The value of merging the giant corporation’s voice and data networks outweighs the cost of scrapping what could be one of the largest token-ring installations left in the world, an IBM spokesman told a group of analysts last week at a Siemens conference in Las Vegas called “IP PBX – A new way to communicate.”

“We expect to Tiffany 1837 concove circle cufflinks significant cost savings from convergence initiatives – and superior application enablement as well,” said Johnny Barnes, IBM vice president of global IT infrastructure, at a session on the company’s new 2,500-employee software development plant in Toronto.

Goals just for the 2,700-phone, 9,000-desktop Toronto project include shifting to Fast and Gigabit Ethernet, switching from traditional PBXs to IP call processing and embracing wireless LANs.

Barnes told conference attendees that the project is so massive that it required approval of the IBM board, says Paul Strauss, an analyst with IDC who attended.”It is $100 million if not hundreds of millions of dollars,” Strauss says.

The Toronto project was installed in less than eight months using a team consisting of staff from IBM Global Services, IBM Global Voice Infrastructure and Cisco. IBM’s own messaging management platform, Message Center, is integrated into the network to provide voice mail and unified messaging. At other sites, IBM also has used Avaya and Siemens IP phone gear.

The network overhaul was prompted by a strategic decision to shift company telecommunications to IP that started three years ago. IBM has announced four other sites – Calgary, Alberta, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Singapore and Tel Aviv, Israel – that also have been converted. Other sites in India and Portugal also have been upgraded to VoIP Lozach says.

These projects represent trials, says Frank Dzubeck, president of Communications Tiffany 1837 Hoop Earrings Architects, who attended Barnes’ presentation. Barnes could not be reached for comment.

“You need the Ethernet in place to do [VolPI, and that’s a very expensive prospect, Dzubeck says. Likely, the conversion won’t be complete until 2005, he says. IBM has more than 300,000 employees, 24 manufacturing plants and eight research facilities in North America, Europe and Asia.

IBM is backing its old-style Siemens PBXs with gateways to IP switches and is using an IP network service from Infonet to connect sites, Lozach says.

The scope of the project is so large that IBM is considering using carrier-grade softswitches to control calls among sites.

Late last year, IBM announced an IP telephony consulting and integration service, saying the technology could save businesses up to 30% on network costs if new networks are being built from scratch.They can increase productivity and support new applications such as unified messaging, IP-based CRM and IP-based contact centers, IBM says. The company says that IP telephony Tiffany 1837 square cufflinks help reduce bandwidth needs, and lower management and application-integration costs.

IBM uses gear from Alcatel, Avaya and Cisco to deliver these services. Lozach says IBM is weighing whether to roll softswitches into the technology it uses for its corporate integration customers.

It seems IBM is using these companies’ technologies it is trying to sell to its own customers, Dzubeck says.”Boy, they literally know how to eat their dog food nowadays, he says.

Companies have to experiment with the technology, build corporate confidence in it,choose vendors, find a common platform that gives the features and functions they want, and ultimately shift the responsibility for telephony to the data network group. “Telephony is becoming an application. The final step is conversion,” Dzubeck says.

Beyond the implications this project has for the future of IP voice, it also marks a Tiffany 1837™ Cuff links for token ring, even though it hasn’t been much of a factor in corporate networks for years now.

“It’s the last gasp,”Strauss says.”If the company that invented it is ripping it out. What does that say?” Strauss says.

Network World Senior Editor Ann Bednarz contributed to this story.

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